The new encyclopedia sold well, and its editors began immediate preparations for a second, much larger edition. The editors themselves wrote many of the shorter articles, while the longest pieces ( “Surgery ” and “Anatomy ”) were treatises of well over one hundred pages each. The Encyclopaedia contained 2,659 pages, including articles borrowed from such luminaries as Benjamin Franklin (on electricity) and John Locke (on human understanding). ![]() The two men engaged William Smellie, a twenty-eight-year-old scholar at the University of Edinburgh, as general editor of the First Edition of their proposed Encyclopaedia Britannica, which was published and sold in one hundred parts between 17. The French Encyclopedic, first published in 1751, became the symbol of French radical humanism and generated international controversy for its allegedly blasphemous philosophy, but there is no evidence that the creators of the Encyclopaedia Britannica were directly inspired by the fame of the Encyclopedic (which in fact was begun as a translation of an earlier work by the Englishman Ephraim Chambers).Īndrew Bell, a prosperous engraver of Edinburgh, and the printer Colin Macfarquhar were convinced that the English-speaking world could use a reference work featuring substantial treatises on the arts, sciences, and trades combined alphabetically with shorter entries defining important terms and concepts. The idea of uniting in a single publication all aspects of human knowledge went back at least to Roman times, but it was in the eighteenth century, the “age of enlightenment, ” that encyclopedias in the modern form began to appear in Europe. Macfarquhar, and sold by Colin Macfarquhar at his printing office in Nicolson-street, ” as the First Edition ’s title page informed its readers. The Encyclopaedia Britannica was first published between 17 “by a society of gentlemen in Scotland, printed in Edinburgh for A. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., is owned in turn by the William Benton Foundation of Illinois, a charitable foundation supporting programs in journalism and the media at the University of Chicago. and Encyclopaedia Britannica Educational Corporation, which markets audio-visual and electronic learning aids as well as books to schools and libraries. Today, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., markets the Britannica in more than 100 countries around the world and is also the parent company of Merriam-Webster, Inc., publishers of the famed dictionaries Compton ’s MultiMedia Publishing Group, Inc. The Britannica is respected throughout the world for its combination of breadth and thoroughness in its treatment of everything from the Punic Wars to quantum mechanics, and many of its articles, written by outstanding scholars in their respective fields, are masterpieces of compact erudition unlike anything else in the field of learning. ![]() Private Company Incorporated: 1943 Employees: 1,505 Sales: $586 million SICs: 2731 Book PublishingĮncyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., has published one of the world ’s finest encyclopedias for more than two centuries. Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia, is both the largest and the most-read reference work in history.310 S. Many reference works are available in electronic form and can be obtained as reference software, CD-ROMs, DVDs, or online through the Internet. Reference works include textbooks, almanacs, atlases, bibliographies, biographical sources, catalogs such as library catalogs and art catalogs, concordances, dictionaries, directories such as business directories and telephone directories, discographies, encyclopedias, filmographies, gazetteers, glossaries, handbooks, indices such as bibliographic indices and citation indices, manuals, research guides, thesauruses, and yearbooks. Updated editions are usually published as needed, in some cases annually ( Whitaker's Almanack, Who's Who). Many reference works are put together by a team of contributors whose work is coordinated by one or more editors, rather than by an individual author. ![]() Indices are a common navigation feature in many types of reference works. The Brockhaus Enzyklopädie, the best-known traditional reference book in German-speaking countries The Lexikon des Mittelalters, a specialised German encyclopedia Encyclopædia Britannica, 15th edition: volumes of the Propedia (green), Micropedia (red), Macropedia (black), and 2-volume Index (blue) Publication to which one can refer for confirmed facts
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